| Afghanistan |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – vivax
– May-Nov below 2000m.
P. Falciparum in the South |
|||
| Albania |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
|||||
| Algeria |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
Only two small areas of MALARIA risk, in Arib and Ihrir, which are not usually visited. | |||
| Angola |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
R |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), plague, myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – all areas all year – falciparum with resistant strains. |
||
| Anguilla |
S |
R |
R |
|||||||||
| Antigua & Barbuda |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
Ce |
Dengue Fever and some dengue haemorrhagic fever | |||||
| Argentina |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
MALARIA – almost
all vivax – October to May in certain rural areas below 3300 feet and
rarely visited by travellers
American trypanosomiasis (Chagas’ disease) and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Northeast. Some cholera and widespread rabies Gastro-enteritis, especially Salmonella, is relatively common. Intestinal parasites. |
||||
| Armenia |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
MALARIA – some areas of risk | |||
| Aruba |
S |
R |
R |
|||||||||
| Australia |
Ce |
Beware mosquito bites
in tropical areas. Number of venomous spiders and snakes
Corals and Jelly Fish in the sea |
||||||||||
| Austria |
S |
Some Tick-borne encephalitis risk in the forested areas | ||||||||||
| Azerbaijan |
R |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
MALARIA – vivax only – southern border areas | |||
| Azores |
Ce |
|||||||||||
| B top | ||||||||||||
| Bahamas |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
|||||||
| Bahrain |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
||||||
| Bali |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
MALARIA – limited risk and no prophylaxis recommended | |||
| Bangladesh |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – All
year in all areas except Dhaka city. The risk is fairly low except along
the northern and eastern areas and in the Chittagong Hill Tracts –
falciparum with multiple resistance.
Filariasis, sandfly fever, visceral leishmaniasis, dengue, Japanese encephalitis. Polio, TB and meningitis |
||
| Barbados |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
|||||||
| Belarus |
R |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
||||||
| Belize |
S |
R |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – mostly
Vivax all year except in Belize district and Urban areas.
Visceral Leishmaniasis. |
||||
| Benin |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – all areas all year, falciparum with resistance reported Meningitis if back-packing, for longer stays or staying with locals |
||
| Bermuda |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
|||||||
| Bhutan |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – all
year in the southern belt – multiply resistant falciparum.
Polio, meningitis (high risk) and TB. Some Japanese encephalitis |
|
| Bolivia |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
YELLOW FEVER –
recommended as endemic in much of the country
MALARIA – mostly vivax, but falciparum in northern departments bordering Brazil. Leishmaniasis and Dengue fever reported |
|||
| Bosnia |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
|||||
| Bosnia - Banja Luka |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
|||||
| Botswana |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – mostly falciparum – November to May/June in the north – some resistance reported |
||||
| Brazil |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
YELLOW FEVER –
recommended as endemic in parts of the country
MALARIA – risk all year in rural areas of Amazon Basin below 3000 feet, especially in areas of mining. Highly resistant falciparum strains present |
||
| Brunei Darussalam |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
MALARIA – only
slight risk in border areas, so no routine prophylaxis
TB but no polio risk Rabies snake bites and leeches |
|||
| Bulgaria |
S |
S |
S |
|||||||||
| Burkina Faso |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – all areas all year – falciparum with some resistance. Meningitis if longer visits, back packing or staying with locals |
||
| Burma (Myanmar) |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
MALARIA – mostly
falciparum with variable seasons in the country
Polio and TB as well as plague risk. Rabies snake bites and leeches Dengue and filariasis Japanese encephalitis May to October |
|||
| Burundi |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – all areas all year – falciparum with some resistance Meningitis if back-packing, for longer stays or staying with locals |
||
| C top | ||||||||||||
| Cambodia |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
MALARIA – all
year all areas except Phnom Penh – mainly falciparum which may be multiply
resistant.
.Dengue fever, polio and TB endemic Japanese encephalitis |
|||
| Cameroon |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – very high risk all year in all areas – mostly falciparum with some multiply resistant |
||
| Canada | ||||||||||||
| Cape Verde |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – low risk so no prophylaxis recommended |
||||
| Cayman Islands |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
|||||||
| Central African Republic |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – all areas all year – falciparum with some resistance reported Meningitis in the north if staying longer, back-packing or staying with locals |
||
| Chad |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – all areas all year – falciparum with resistance Meningitis for the south if back-packing, longer stay or staying with locals |
||
| Chile |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
|||||
| China |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – throughout
the country below 4500 feet except Macao, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Nei Monggol,
Gansu, Beijing, Shanxi, Ningxia, Qinghai – time of year variable, and
mostly vivax with some chloroquine resistance reported. For main tourist
areas no prophylaxis is recommended, but for travel to rural areas likely
to be necessary.
Visceral leishmaniasis with cutaneous form in Xinjiang. Some plague, dengue and rabies Japanese encephalitis in the North (May to September) and the south (April to October) Polio and TB Schistosomiasis in the Yangtze river basin. Rabies snake bites and leeches risk |
||
| Colombia |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
YELLOW FEVER –
recommended as endemic in much of the country outside the capital
MALARIA – all year risk in rural areas below 2500 feet – Falciparum highly resistant to chloroquine and some resistant to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine Leishmaniasis, Myiasis and Dengue fever |
|||
| Comoros |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases, including Filariasis, typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, Meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA –all areas all year – mostly falciparum with resistance reported |
|||
| Congo |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – all areas all year – mostly falciparum with some resistance reported |
||
| Cook Islands |
S |
R |
S |
S |
R |
Pacific Islands:
Diarrhoeal illnesses including typhoid, hepatitis A and helminth infections.
Filariasis, dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever are widespread but variable.
TB in places throughout islands. Sea bathers risk bites and stings from corals, jellyfish, poisonous fish and sea snakes. Pirates and kidnapping increasing risk. |
||||||
| Costa Rica |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
MALARIA – almost only vivax – all year in rural areas below 2000 feet – Alajuela, Guanacaste, Limon, Puantarenas | ||||
| Côte d’Ivoire |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – All areas all year – mostly falciparum with some resistance. Meningitis if staying with locals, back packing or for longer stays. |
||
| Croatia |
R |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Some Tick-borne encephalitis risk in the forested areas | ||||
| Cuba |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
||||||
| Cyprus | ||||||||||||
| Czech Republic |
S |
S |
S |
Some Tick-borne encephalitis risk in the forested areas | ||||||||
| D top | ||||||||||||
| Denmark |
S |
|||||||||||
| Djibouti |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – all year all areas – falciparum mainly with resistance reported Meningitis if backpacking, longer visits or staying with locals |
|||
| Dominica |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
|||||
| Dominican Republic |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Dengue Fever and some
dengue haemorrhagic fever
Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis. Schistosomiasis. Malaria – low risk throughout the year, but it is the more severe falciparum type and so prophylaxis is recommended |
||||
| E top | ||||||||||||
| Ecuador |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
YELLOW FEVER –
recommended as endemic in much of the country
MALARIA – mostly vivax, but some chloroquine resistant falciparum reported Diphtheria rising Onchoceriasis , Myiasis and Dengue fever |
|||
| Egypt |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – in
June to October in the area of El Faiyum.
Meningitis recommended if staying some time, backpacking or staying with locals. Schistosomiasis in the Nile delta and Nile valley |
||
| El Salvador |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – almost
only vivax – all year in rural areas, but greater below 2000 feet in
Rainy season
Visceral leishmaniasis |
|||
| Equatorial Guinea |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – all areas all year – falciparum mainly with resistance reported |
||
| Eritrea |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – All areas below 6000 feet all year – mostly falciparum. Meningitis if staying with locals, back packing or for longer stays. |
|||
| Estonia |
R |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
S |
|||||
| Ethiopia |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – All areas below 6000 feet all year – mostly falciparum with some highly resistant. Meningitis if staying with locals, back packing or for longer stays. |
||
| F top | ||||||||||||
| Fiji |
S |
R |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Pacific Islands:
Diarrhoeal illnesses including typhoid, hepatitis A and helminth infections.
Filariasis, dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever are widespread but variable.
TB in places throughout islands. Sea bathers risk bites and stings from corals, jellyfish, poisonous fish and sea snakes. Pirates and kidnapping increasing risk. |
|||||
| French Guiana |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
MALARIA – all
year risk – some chloroquine resistance reported
Myiasis and Dengue fever |
|||
| French Polynesia |
S |
R |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Pacific Islands:
Diarrhoeal illnesses including typhoid, hepatitis A and helminth infections.
Filariasis, dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever are widespread but variable.
TB in places throughout islands. Sea bathers risk bites and stings from corals, jellyfish, poisonous fish and sea snakes. Pirates and kidnapping increasing risk. |
|||||
| G top | ||||||||||||
| Gabon |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – All areas all year – mostly falciparum with some resistance. |
||
| Gambia |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – All areas all year – mostly falciparum with some resistance. Meningitis if staying with locals, back packing or for longer stays. |
||
| Georgia |
R |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
S |
|||||
| Ghana |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
M |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – All areas all year – mostly falciparum with some resistance. Meningitis if staying with locals, back packing or for longer stays. |
||
| Gibralta |
Ce |
|||||||||||
| Greece |
R |
S |
Hepatitis A recommended for those on backpacking holidays where there may be some doubts about food hygiene | |||||||||
| Grenada |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
Ce |
|||||
| Guadeloupe |
R |
S |
R |
Ce |
Schistosomiasis | |||||||
| Guam |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
||||||
| Guatemala |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – almost
only vivax – all year in rural areas below 5000 feet – Alta Verapaz,
Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Peten, Quiche, San Marcos,
Santa Rosa, Solola.
Onchoceriasis (river blindness) and Visceral Leishmaniasis |
|||
| Guinea |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – All areas all year – mostly falciparum with some resistance. Meningitis if staying with locals, back packing or for longer stays. |
||
| Guinea Bissau |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
Sub-Saharan and
Southern Africa: Major risks in all these countries. Bowel infections
and infestations, amoebiasis and Cholera
Insect-borne diseases are rife, including Yellow fever, Filariasis, leishmaniasis in the drier areas, ‘sleeping sickness’ (human trypanosomiasis), typhus (louse, flea and tick-borne), myiasis, dengue, lassa fever. Polio, meningitis, TB and trachoma Tetanus is common; Schistosomiasis, rabies and snakebites are all risks. MALARIA – All areas all year – mostly falciparum with some resistance. Meningitis if staying with locals, back packing or for longer stays. |
||
| Guyana |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Y |
Y |
YELLOW FEVER –
recommended as endemic in much of the country
MALARIA – all year in interior of the country – Falciparum resistance reported Onchoceriasis , Myiasis and Dengue fever |
|||
| H top | ||||||||||||
| Haiti |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – only
falciparum – all year below 1000 feet in rural and suburban areas
Some Dengue fever, also Bancroftian filariasis |
|||
| Holland (Netherlands) | ||||||||||||
| Honduras |
S |
R |
S |
S |
S |
R |
Ce |
Y |
MALARIA – almost
only vivax – all year – Atlantida, Choluteca, Colon, Cortes, Gracias
a Dios, Islas de la Bahia, Olancho, Valle, Yoro
Visceral Leishmaniasis |
|||
| Hong Kong |
S |
S |
S |
S |
S |
No malaria risk | ||||||
| Hungary |
S |